Monday, February 8, 2010

Getting FreeBSD installed on the Soekris net5501


The Net5501 is an x86 based computer with decent hardware for your LAN/WAN. In my case, I needed to setup a FreeBSD based OpenVPN server. I had a vanilla net5501 with a SanDisk SDCFH2-004G HDX 4.32 4GB CF Card,.
The general installation plan was to either use PXE booting or writing to a CF card. PXE booting works like a charm with Debian, FreeBSD is another beast though. Googling abit on the Internets, I landed on Barry's page and idea of using a VM with a CF as the install target. Worked like charm.

Aside:
It's a good idea to dd your CF card image and store it for future installations/clones. You can restore this image using a command such as:
dd if=/path/to/freebsd_3919MB_SanDisk-SDCFH2-004G_HDX_4.32.dd.bz2 of=/dev/sdd
Installation:
Download the relevant freeBSD ISO
Download KVM
Configure a VM to boot off the FreeBSD ISO and the storage medium to be your compact flash card (/dev/sdx).
Install FreeBSD as usual
After installation, boot into your brand new FreeBSD
Adjust your /etct/rc.conf for Soekris network cards (sis instead of KVM's ed)
ifconfig_vr0="inet 196.1.0.129 netmask 255.255.255.192 up"
ifconfig_vr1="DHCP"
Enable a console on the serial port in /etc/ttys by editing the ttyu0 line:
ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" vt100 on secure
Lastly, add the following lines to /boot/loader.conf:
comconsole_speed="9600"
console="comconsole"

Kernel compile
Install Kernel source via NFS. Please refer to the FreeBSD handbook

Create a kernel config directory
mkdir /root/kernels
Start a new kernel by editing a copy of GENERIC
cp /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC /root/kernels/SOEKRIS.KERNEL
ln -s /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/SOEKRIS.KERNEL /root/kernels/SOEKRIS.KERNEL
Sample Config (geared for an openvpn box)
cat /root/kernels/SOEKRIS.KERNEL
#
# GENERIC -- Generic kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/i386
#
# For more information on this file, please read the config(5) manual page,
# and/or the handbook section on Kernel Configuration Files:
#
# http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html
#
# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook
# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the
# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the
# latest information.
#
# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the
# device lines is also present in the ../../conf/NOTES and NOTES files.
# If you are in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first
# in NOTES.
#
# $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC,v 1.519.2.4.2.2 2009/11/09 23:48:01 kensmith Exp $

#cpu I486_CPU
cpu I586_CPU
#cpu I686_CPU
ident SOEKRIS

#Soekris Specific
#From http://wiki.soekris.info/Installing_FreeBSD
options CPU_SOEKRIS

options CPU_ELAN
options CPU_ELAN_PPS
options CPU_ELAN_XTAL=32768000

options CPU_GEODE

#CARP
device carp

# To statically compile in device wiring instead of /boot/device.hints
#hints "GENERIC.hints" # Default places to look for devices.

# Use the following to compile in values accessible to the kernel
# through getenv() (or kenv(1) in userland). The format of the file
# is 'variable=value', see kenv(1)
#
# env "GENERIC.env"

makeoptions DEBUG=-g # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols

options SCHED_ULE # ULE scheduler
options PREEMPTION # Enable kernel thread preemption
options INET # InterNETworking
options INET6 # IPv6 communications protocols
options SCTP # Stream Control Transmission Protocol
options FFS # Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options SOFTUPDATES # Enable FFS soft updates support
options UFS_ACL # Support for access control lists
#options UFS_DIRHASH # Improve performance on big directories
options UFS_GJOURNAL # Enable gjournal-based UFS journaling
options MD_ROOT # MD is a potential root device
options NFSCLIENT # Network Filesystem Client
#options NFSSERVER # Network Filesystem Server
options NFSLOCKD # Network Lock Manager
options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENT
#options MSDOSFS # MSDOS Filesystem
#options CD9660 # ISO 9660 Filesystem
options PROCFS # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options PSEUDOFS # Pseudo-filesystem framework
#options GEOM_PART_GPT # GUID Partition Tables.
options GEOM_LABEL # Provides labelization
options COMPAT_43TTY # BSD 4.3 TTY compat (sgtty)
options COMPAT_FREEBSD4 # Compatible with FreeBSD4
options COMPAT_FREEBSD5 # Compatible with FreeBSD5
options COMPAT_FREEBSD6 # Compatible with FreeBSD6
options COMPAT_FREEBSD7 # Compatible with FreeBSD7
#options SCSI_DELAY=5000 # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI
options KTRACE # ktrace(1) support
options STACK # stack(9) support
options SYSVSHM # SYSV-style shared memory
options SYSVMSG # SYSV-style message queues
options SYSVSEM # SYSV-style semaphores
options P1003_1B_SEMAPHORES # POSIX-style semaphores
options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions
options PRINTF_BUFR_SIZE=128 # Prevent printf output being interspersed.
options KBD_INSTALL_CDEV # install a CDEV entry in /dev
options HWPMC_HOOKS # Necessary kernel hooks for hwpmc(4)
options AUDIT # Security event auditing
options MAC # TrustedBSD MAC Framework
options FLOWTABLE # per-cpu routing cache
#options KDTRACE_HOOKS # Kernel DTrace hooks

# To make an SMP kernel, the next two lines are needed
options SMP # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel
device apic # I/O APIC

# CPU frequency control
device cpufreq

# Bus support.
device acpi
device eisa
device pci

# Floppy drives
#device fdc

# ATA and ATAPI devices
device ata
device atadisk # ATA disk drives
#device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
#device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
#device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
#device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
options ATA_STATIC_ID # Static device numbering

# SCSI Controllers
#device ahb # EISA AHA1742 family
#device ahc # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices
#options AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~128k to driver.
#device ahd # AHA39320/29320 and onboard AIC79xx devices
#options AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~215k to driver.
#device amd # AMD 53C974 (Tekram DC-390(T))
#device hptiop # Highpoint RocketRaid 3xxx series
#device isp # Qlogic family
#device ispfw # Firmware for QLogic HBAs- normally a module
#device mpt # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion
#device ncr # NCR/Symbios Logic
#device sym # NCR/Symbios Logic (newer chipsets + those of `ncr')
#device trm # Tekram DC395U/UW/F DC315U adapters

#device adv # Advansys SCSI adapters
#device adw # Advansys wide SCSI adapters
#device aha # Adaptec 154x SCSI adapters
#device aic # Adaptec 15[012]x SCSI adapters, AIC-6[23]60.
#device bt # Buslogic/Mylex MultiMaster SCSI adapters

#device ncv # NCR 53C500
#device nsp # Workbit Ninja SCSI-3
#device stg # TMC 18C30/18C50

# SCSI peripherals
device scbus # SCSI bus (required for SCSI)
#device ch # SCSI media changers
device da # Direct Access (disks)
#device sa # Sequential Access (tape etc)
#device cd # CD
#device pass # Passthrough device (direct SCSI access)
#device ses # SCSI Environmental Services (and SAF-TE)

# RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem
#device amr # AMI MegaRAID
#device arcmsr # Areca SATA II RAID
#device asr # DPT SmartRAID V, VI and Adaptec SCSI RAID
#device ciss # Compaq Smart RAID 5*
#device dpt # DPT Smartcache III, IV - See NOTES for options
#device hptmv # Highpoint RocketRAID 182x
#device hptrr # Highpoint RocketRAID 17xx, 22xx, 23xx, 25xx
#device iir # Intel Integrated RAID
#device ips # IBM (Adaptec) ServeRAID
#device mly # Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID
#device twa # 3ware 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID

# RAID controllers
#device aac # Adaptec FSA RAID
#device aacp # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires CAM)
#device ida # Compaq Smart RAID
#device mfi # LSI MegaRAID SAS
#device mlx # Mylex DAC960 family
#device pst # Promise Supertrak SX6000
#device twe # 3ware ATA RAID

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
#device atkbdc # AT keyboard controller
#device atkbd # AT keyboard
#device psm # PS/2 mouse

#device kbdmux # keyboard multiplexer

#device vga # VGA video card driver

#device splash # Splash screen and screen saver support

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
#device sc

#device agp # support several AGP chipsets

# Power management support (see NOTES for more options)
#device apm
# Add suspend/resume support for the i8254.
device pmtimer

# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support
#device cbb # cardbus (yenta) bridge
#device pccard # PC Card (16-bit) bus
#device cardbus # CardBus (32-bit) bus

# Serial (COM) ports
device uart # Generic UART driver

# Parallel port
#device ppc
#device ppbus # Parallel port bus (required)
#device lpt # Printer
#device plip # TCP/IP over parallel
#device ppi # Parallel port interface device
#device vpo # Requires scbus and da

# If you've got a "dumb" serial or parallel PCI card that is
# supported by the puc(4) glue driver, uncomment the following
# line to enable it (connects to sio, uart and/or ppc drivers):
#device puc

# PCI Ethernet NICs.
#device de # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (``Tulip'')
#device em # Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet Family
#device igb # Intel PRO/1000 PCIE Server Gigabit Family
#device ixgb # Intel PRO/10GbE Ethernet Card
#device le # AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx PCnet
#device ti # Alteon Networks Tigon I/II gigabit Ethernet
#device txp # 3Com 3cR990 (``Typhoon'')
#device vx # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (``Vortex'')

# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.
# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!
device miibus # MII bus support
#device ae # Attansic/Atheros L2 FastEthernet
#device age # Attansic/Atheros L1 Gigabit Ethernet
#device alc # Atheros AR8131/AR8132 Ethernet
#device ale # Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 Ethernet
#device bce # Broadcom BCM5706/BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet
#device bfe # Broadcom BCM440x 10/100 Ethernet
#device bge # Broadcom BCM570xx Gigabit Ethernet
#device dc # DEC/Intel 21143 and various workalikes
#device et # Agere ET1310 10/100/Gigabit Ethernet
#device fxp # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)
#device jme # JMicron JMC250 Gigabit/JMC260 Fast Ethernet
#device lge # Level 1 LXT1001 gigabit Ethernet
#device msk # Marvell/SysKonnect Yukon II Gigabit Ethernet
#device nfe # nVidia nForce MCP on-board Ethernet
#device nge # NatSemi DP83820 gigabit Ethernet
#device nve # nVidia nForce MCP on-board Ethernet Networking
#device pcn # AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100 (precedence over 'le')
#device re # RealTek 8139C+/8169/8169S/8110S
#device rl # RealTek 8129/8139
#device sf # Adaptec AIC-6915 (``Starfire'')
#device sis # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900/SiS 7016
#device sk # SysKonnect SK-984x & SK-982x gigabit Ethernet
#device ste # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)
#device stge # Sundance/Tamarack TC9021 gigabit Ethernet
#device tl # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN
#device tx # SMC EtherPower II (83c170 ``EPIC'')
#device vge # VIA VT612x gigabit Ethernet
device vr # VIA Rhine, Rhine II
#device wb # Winbond W89C840F
#device xl # 3Com 3c90x (``Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')

# ISA Ethernet NICs. pccard NICs included.
device cs # Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0 NIC
# 'device ed' requires 'device miibus'
#device ed # NE[12]000, SMC Ultra, 3c503, DS8390 cards
#device ex # Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 and Pro/10+
#device ep # Etherlink III based cards
#device fe # Fujitsu MB8696x based cards
#device ie # EtherExpress 8/16, 3C507, StarLAN 10 etc.
#device sn # SMC's 9000 series of Ethernet chips
#device xe # Xircom pccard Ethernet

# Wireless NIC cards
#device wlan # 802.11 support
#options IEEE80211_DEBUG # enable debug msgs
#options IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE # age frames in AMPDU reorder q's
#options IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH # enable 802.11s draft support
#device wlan_wep # 802.11 WEP support
#device wlan_ccmp # 802.11 CCMP support
#device wlan_tkip # 802.11 TKIP support
#device wlan_amrr # AMRR transmit rate control algorithm
#device an # Aironet 4500/4800 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device ath # Atheros pci/cardbus NIC's
#device ath_hal # pci/cardbus chip support
#options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 # enable AR5416 tx/rx descriptors
#device ath_rate_sample # SampleRate tx rate control for ath
#device ral # Ralink Technology RT2500 wireless NICs.
#device wi # WaveLAN/Intersil/Symbol 802.11 wireless NICs.
##device wl # Older non 802.11 Wavelan wireless NIC.

# Pseudo devices.
device loop # Network loopback
device random # Entropy device
device ether # Ethernet support
device tun # Packet tunnel.
device pty # BSD-style compatibility pseudo ttys
device md # Memory "disks"
device gif # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling
device faith # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation)
device firmware # firmware assist module

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device bpf # Berkeley packet filter

# USB support
device uhci # UHCI PCI->USB interface
device ohci # OHCI PCI->USB interface
device ehci # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)
device usb # USB Bus (required)
#device udbp # USB Double Bulk Pipe devices
#device uhid # "Human Interface Devices"
#device ukbd # Keyboard
#device ulpt # Printer
device umass # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da
#device ums # Mouse
#device rum # Ralink Technology RT2501USB wireless NICs
#device ural # Ralink Technology RT2500USB wireless NICs
#device uath # Atheros AR5523 wireless NICs
#device zyd # ZyDAS zb1211/zb1211b wireless NICs
#device urio # Diamond Rio 500 MP3 player
# USB Serial devices
#device u3g # USB-based 3G modems (Option, Huawei, Sierra)
#device uark # Technologies ARK3116 based serial adapters
#device ubsa # Belkin F5U103 and compatible serial adapters
#device uftdi # For FTDI usb serial adapters
#device uipaq # Some WinCE based devices
#device uplcom # Prolific PL-2303 serial adapters
#device uslcom # SI Labs CP2101/CP2102 serial adapters
#device uvisor # Visor and Palm devices
#device uvscom # USB serial support for DDI pocket's PHS
# USB Ethernet, requires miibus
#device aue # ADMtek USB Ethernet
#device axe # ASIX Electronics USB Ethernet
#device cdce # Generic USB over Ethernet
#device cue # CATC USB Ethernet
#device kue # Kawasaki LSI USB Ethernet
#device rue # RealTek RTL8150 USB Ethernet
#device udav # Davicom DM9601E USB

# FireWire support
#device firewire # FireWire bus code
#device sbp # SCSI over FireWire (Requires scbus and da)
#device fwe # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)
#device fwip # IP over FireWire (RFC 2734,3146)
#device dcons # Dumb console driver
#device dcons_crom # Configuration ROM for dcons

Compile
mkdir -p /usr/src/sys/compile/SOEKRIS.KERNEL
/usr/sbin/config SOEKRIS.KERNEL
cd ../compile/SOEKRIS.KERNEL/
make depend && make
make install
reboot
Remember to put some decent variables into rc.conf
# cat /etc/rc.conf

# -- sysinstall generated deltas -- # Fri Feb 5 12:47:29 2010
# Created: Fri Feb 5 12:47:29 2010
# Enable network daemons for user convenience.
# Please make all changes to this file, not to /etc/defaults/rc.conf.
# This file now contains just the overrides from /etc/defaults/rc.conf.
hostname=vpn.example.net
gateway_enable="YES"
inetd_enable="NO"
keymap="us.iso"
moused_enable="YES"
sshd_enable="YES"
ipv6_enable="YES"
ifconfig_vr0="inet 1.2.3.129 netmask 255.255.255.192 up"
ifconfig_vr1="DHCP"

#Add ons
fsck_y_enable="YES"
background_fsck="NO"

#Added manually to enable firewalling
#Be aware that this allows the subnet to access the box
#firewall_enable="YES"
#firewall_type="client"
#firewall_logging="YES"


#Start SNMPD
#
#snmpd_enable="YES"
#snmpd_flags="-a"
#snmpd_conffile="/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf"
#snmptrapd_enable="YES"
#snmptrapd_flags=" -u snmp -a -p /var/run/snmptrapd.pid"

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